The ability to perform movement imagery has been shown to influence motor performance and learning
in sports and rehabilitation. Self-report questionnaires have been developed to assess movement imagery
ability in adults, such as the Movement Imagery Questionnaire 3 (MIQ-3); however, there is a
dearth of developmentally appropriate measures for use with children. To address this gap, the focus of
this research was to develop an imagery ability questionnaire for children. This process involved
adaptation of the MIQ-3 via: i) cognitive interviewing with twenty children, ii) validation with 206
children by examining its factor structure via multitrait-multi method confirmatory factor analysis, and
iii) examination of test-retest reliability with 23 children. The findings of Study 1 led to changes to the
wording of the questionnaire and modifications of the instructions to successfully adapt the MIQ-3 for
children aged 7e12 years. The validation undertaken in Study 2 found that a correlated-traits correlateduniqueness
model provided the best fit to the data. Finally, test-retest reliabilities varied from fair (for
external visual imagery) to substantial (for kinesthetic imagery). With respect to ease of imaging, no
significant gender or age-group differences were noted. However, significant difference were found
among the three imagery modalities (p < .001), with external visual imagery rated as easiest to image
and kinesthetic imagery rated as the most difficult. Taken together, findings support the use of the MIQ-C
for examining movement imagery ability with children.