Sore throat is the primary complaint. Cough, hoarseness, fever, anorexia, malaise, and headache may be present.
Graphic Figure 1
- Lack of tonsillar exudate or the presence of rhinorrhea, cough, and other symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection typically indicate a viral etiology.
- Clinical features most suggestive of GABHS, known as the Centor Criteria, include:
- Fever greater than 38°C (100.4°F)
- Pharyngotonsillar exudate
- Tender anterior cervical adenopathy
- Lack of cough
- When these four features are present, GABHS is highly likely.
- Other signs of GABHS include erythematous pharynx and enlarged, erythematous tonsils. Soft palate petechiae may be present. A “strawberry tongue” presents as a thick white-coated tongue with hypertrophied red papillae.
- The infection may be accompanied by scarlet fever rash, a “sandpaper” rash that presents as a fine, pinhead-sized exanthem that is more pronounced in a linear pattern along the major skin folds in the axillae and antecubital fossae (Pastia sign). Rash is usually absent on the face. Circumoral pallor may be present.
- Although uncommon in the United States, pharyngitis due to diphtheria presents with a gray pseudomembranous exudate that bleeds when removed.
- Pharyngitis due to EBV, the major cause of infectious mononucleosis, manifests with a classic triad of fever; exudative pharyngitis; and adenopathy, particularly posterior cervical adenopathy. Fatigue, headache, palatal petechial rash, and splenic enlargement may be present as well.
- Candida albicans pharyngitis may occur after antibiotic use or in an immunocompromised patient. Thin, diffuse, or patchy exudate on mucous membranes is present.
Sore throat is the primary complaint. Cough, hoarseness, fever, anorexia, malaise, and headache may be present. Graphic Figure 1 - Lack of tonsillar exudate or the presence of rhinorrhea, cough, and other symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection typically indicate a viral etiology.- Clinical features most suggestive of GABHS, known as the Centor Criteria, include:- Fever greater than 38°C (100.4°F)- Pharyngotonsillar exudate- Tender anterior cervical adenopathy- Lack of cough- When these four features are present, GABHS is highly likely.- Other signs of GABHS include erythematous pharynx and enlarged, erythematous tonsils. Soft palate petechiae may be present. A “strawberry tongue” presents as a thick white-coated tongue with hypertrophied red papillae.- The infection may be accompanied by scarlet fever rash, a “sandpaper” rash that presents as a fine, pinhead-sized exanthem that is more pronounced in a linear pattern along the major skin folds in the axillae and antecubital fossae (Pastia sign). Rash is usually absent on the face. Circumoral pallor may be present.- Although uncommon in the United States, pharyngitis due to diphtheria presents with a gray pseudomembranous exudate that bleeds when removed.- Pharyngitis due to EBV, the major cause of infectious mononucleosis, manifests with a classic triad of fever; exudative pharyngitis; and adenopathy, particularly posterior cervical adenopathy. Fatigue, headache, palatal petechial rash, and splenic enlargement may be present as well.-Candida albicans อักเสบอาจเกิดขึ้นหลัง จากใช้ยาปฏิชีวนะ หรือ ในผู้ป่วยภูมิคุ้มกัน มี exudate บาง กระจาย หรือจัดถึงบนเมือก
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