Authoritarian regime
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan
declared its independence in 1991.
The central Asian country is characterized
by a young population structure with nearly
40% being under the age of fifteen. About
45% of the population is living in the urban
centers, especially in the capital Ashgabat. In
the absence of democracy or the protection
of human rights, Turkmenistan´s former
president Separmurat Niyazov established
a highly authoritarian and repressive rule.
Several international actors such as the European
Parliament condemned this rule. After
his death the rule was largely contained by
his successor Berdimuhammedow. Human
rights violations, deportations and suppression
of ethnic and religious minorities, but
also rather subtle consequences of the dictatorship,
have significantly deteriorated the
general wellbeing of the population. In terms
of the health care system, Niyazov´s dictatorship
has substantially limited the access to
services in rural areas by closing health care
units outside Ashgabat. He has endangered
the general public health by denying the existence
of certain communicable diseases such
as HIV/Aids as well as the plague outbreak
in 2004. Furthermore, health care spending
was limited to a minimum. It is largely
unquantifiable to which extent the authoritarian
regime actually affected the health of
the population. Several indicators denote a
health crisis, even though the credibility of
data is highly restricted and health is influenced
by a multitude of factors.
Authoritarian regimeAfter the collapse of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistandeclared its independence in 1991.The central Asian country is characterizedby a young population structure with nearly40% being under the age of fifteen. About45% of the population is living in the urbancenters, especially in the capital Ashgabat. Inthe absence of democracy or the protectionof human rights, Turkmenistan´s formerpresident Separmurat Niyazov establisheda highly authoritarian and repressive rule.Several international actors such as the EuropeanParliament condemned this rule. Afterhis death the rule was largely contained byhis successor Berdimuhammedow. Humanrights violations, deportations and suppressionof ethnic and religious minorities, butalso rather subtle consequences of the dictatorship,have significantly deteriorated thegeneral wellbeing of the population. In termsof the health care system, Niyazov´s dictatorshiphas substantially limited the access toservices in rural areas by closing health careunits outside Ashgabat. He has endangeredthe general public health by denying the existenceof certain communicable diseases suchas HIV/Aids as well as the plague outbreakin 2004. Furthermore, health care spendingwas limited to a minimum. It is largelyunquantifiable to which extent the authoritarianregime actually affected the health ofthe population. Several indicators denote ahealth crisis, even though the credibility ofdata is highly restricted and health is influencedby a multitude of factors.
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ระบอบการปกครองเผด็จการหลังจากการล่มสลายของสหภาพโซเวียตเติร์กเมนิสถานประกาศเอกราชในปี1991 ประเทศในเอเชียกลางเป็นลักษณะโดยโครงสร้างประชากรหนุ่มสาวที่มีเกือบ40% อยู่ภายใต้อายุสิบห้า เกี่ยวกับ45% ของประชากรที่อาศัยอยู่ในเมืองที่ศูนย์โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในเมืองหลวงอาชกาบั ในกรณีที่ไม่มีการปกครองระบอบประชาธิปไตยหรือคุ้มครองสิทธิมนุษยชนTurkmenistan's อดีตประธาน Separmurat Niyazov จัดตั้งกฎเผด็จการสูงและปราบปราม. นักแสดงต่างประเทศหลายอย่างเช่นยุโรปรัฐสภาประณามกฎนี้ หลังจากการตายของเขาถูกกฎที่มีอยู่ส่วนใหญ่โดยทายาทBerdimuhammedow มนุษย์สิทธิละเมิดเนรเทศออกนอกประเทศและปราบปรามของชนกลุ่มน้อยเชื้อชาติและศาสนาแต่ยังผลกระทบค่อนข้างละเอียดอ่อนของการปกครองแบบเผด็จการที่ได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญเสื่อมโทรมคุณภาพชีวิตของประชากรทั่วไป Authoritarian regime
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan
declared its independence in 1991.
The central Asian country is characterized
by a young population structure with nearly
40% being under the age of fifteen. About
45% of the population is living in the urban
centers, especially in the capital Ashgabat. In
the absence of democracy or the protection
of human rights, Turkmenistan´s former
president Separmurat Niyazov established
a highly authoritarian and repressive rule.
Several international actors such as the European
Parliament condemned this rule. After
his death the rule was largely contained by
his successor Berdimuhammedow. Human
rights violations, deportations and suppression
of ethnic and religious minorities, but
also rather subtle consequences of the dictatorship,
have significantly deteriorated the
general wellbeing of the population. In terms
of the health care system, Niyazov´s dictatorship
has substantially limited the access to
services in rural areas by closing health care
units outside Ashgabat. He has endangered
the general public health by denying the existence
of certain communicable diseases such
as HIV/Aids as well as the plague outbreak
in 2004. Furthermore, health care spending
was limited to a minimum. It is largely
unquantifiable to which extent the authoritarian
regime actually affected the health of
the population. Several indicators denote a
health crisis, even though the credibility of
data is highly restricted and health is influenced
by a multitude of factors.
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