The prostate gland is located in anterior to the rectum, and inferior to the bladder within the lower
pelvis, and is connected to the seminal vesicles, forming the accessory glands of reproduction. The
main function of prostate gland is to secrete a milky, slightly acidic fluid which is essential for
ejaculation. One crucial component of this fluid is serum prostate specific antigen (PSA); used
during the screening of PC patients. The prostate is a glandular and muscular organ supported by a
stroma and extracellular matrix (ECM) components including neurovascular tissue, fibroblasts,
smooth muscle cells, and lymphocytes. There are four different cell types in the prostatic epithelium:
secretory, basal, transient amplifying (intermediate between secretory and basal cells), and
neuroendocrine cells.