Water and oil holding capacity A volume of 25 mL of distilled water or commercial olive oil was mixed with 1 g of dry sample. The mixture was stirred and incubated at 40, 60 or 80 °C for 1 h. Tubes were centrifuged at 3000×g for 20 min and then the supernatant was poured out. After that, the tubes were drained for 10 min by putting them at the angle of 45°. The residue was weighed and water holding capacity (WHC, in g of water per 100 g of sample) and oil holding capacity (OHC, in g of oil per 100 g of sample) were calculated