Effects of heat on aerobic and anaerobic mesophylic bacteria, yeasts, and moulds
Temperatures ranging from 10 to 15°C above the optimum temperature for growth will destroy vegetative cells of bacteria, yeasts, and moulds. Most vegetative cells, as well as viruses, are destroyed when subjected to temperatures of 60 to 80°C for an appropriate time. Somewhat higher temperatures may be needed for thermophilic or thermoduric microorganisms. All vegetative cells are killed in 10 min at 100°C and many spores are destroyed in 30 min at 100°C. Some spores, however, will resist heating at 100°C for several hours.