Methods: Secondary analyses were performed within the Diet, Obesity and Genes (DiOGenes) study
(2006–2008), a randomized controlled dietary intervention. Nine hundred and thirty-eight overweight
and obese adults from eight European countries entered an 8-wk low-calorie-diet period.
Seven hundred and seventy-three adults who lost at least 8% of their body weights were randomized
to one of five ad libitum diets for 6 mo: 1) low-protein (LP)/low-GI (LGI); 2) LP/high-GI (HGI); 3)
high-protein (HP)/LGI; 4) HP/HGI; and 5) control diet. MetSyn prevalence and a standardized
MetSyn score were assessed at baseline, after the low-calorie diet, and after the intervention.