Scientific reports dealing with the effects of methylxanthines on reproduction are mostly centred on the use of these compounds as phosphodiesterase inhibitors that, by maintaining high intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP), will affect the
gametes differently. High cAMP levels will sustain sperm maturation while they hold the oocytes in mitotic arrest. Caffeine, being the methylxanthine most widely consumed by every segment of the population, has been the subject of greatest
interest among health professionals and researchers. Conflicting results still seem to characterize the association between male/female caffeine consumption in adult life