Laminarin and mannitol from Laminaria hyperborea extracts were fermented to bioethanol under oxygen-limiting conditions using Zymobacter palmae.
Bioethanol with a yield of 0.4 g ethanol/g of sugars was produced with ethanogenic Escherichia coli KO11 from Laminaria japonica hydrolysates mainly containing mannitol after chemo-enzymatic saccharification.
Ethanol of 7.7 g/L was produced from S. japonica biomass using the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) method with a theoretical yield of 33.3%.