These meta-analyses suggest that teaching/instruction level conditions are more
important than school level conditions in improving student achievement. Most inspectorates
however do not explicitly evaluate teaching or teachers on a classroom level,
preferring instead to promote improvement through evaluating school level conditions
and motivating principals to (build capacity to) improve the teaching and learning in the
school. Most inspection frameworks focus on general instruction characteristics or
teaching patterns such as described by Scheerens (2009) (e.g. learning time, classroom
organization and classroom climate). This leaves an obvious gap when trying to assess
the impact of the mode of inspection on actual achievement.