The traditional approach to transparency is focused exclusively on the amount of in formation provided to any third party. Instruments for public access to information generally fall in to one of the two categories: proactive and demand-driven. Proactive dissemination refers to information that the government makes publicabout its activities and performance. Demand-driven access refersto an institutional commitment to respond to citizens’ requests forspecific kinds of information or documents which otherwise wouldnot be accessible. Both the dissemination of information and institutional answerability form the concept of transparency. Here iswhere the accountability goes into action: the formal communi
cation from a public institution or mutual agreements gives rise toduties and rights which include the capability to sanction, compen-sate, and/or remediate (Fox, 2007).