2. Methodology
To evaluate tillage reduction implications at the local farm level,
the conceptual approach of integrating techno- and eco-spheres
LCA impacts with value-sphere parameters (Hofstetter et al.,
2000) was simplified as depicted in Fig. 1. Analysis in the valuesphere
is focused on carbon credits and typical farm budgets comparing
NT, RT and CT scenarios as applied to dryland WW production
in Eastern Washington, USA. In the techno-sphere, the
cropping systems model, CropSyst (Stöckle et al., 1994; Stöckle