Transcript abundance of DEGs with known functional annotation (Table 1) was determined by (semi)quantitative reverse transcription PCR (sq/qRT-PCR) using first-strand cDNA and DEGspecific primers. DEG-specific primers (Table 2) were designed using Primer 3.0 web resource (http://frodo.wi.mit.edu/primer3) and synthesized by Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT Inc, Coralville,IA).