This field suffers from knowledge gaps, theoretical inconsistencies, and contradictory results (Keupp & Gassmann, 2009). Export-oriented new ventures and international entrepreneurship field receive consid- erable attention from scholars in the last decade (Oviatt & McDougall 2005a). However, the role of firms' factors and environment in entrepreneurs' export-oriented behavior remains unclear (oviatt & McDougall, 2005b).