Municipal wastewaters are, currently, mainly treated by the use of activated sludge systems which, although effective, require a great deal of energy [1]. As a result, anaerobic technologies have been widely investigated for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Their benefits are the production of biogas as a renewable energy source and reduced energy consumption if compared to conventional aerobic treatment [1–4]. The advantages of anaerobic treatments will also be emphasised in future water and wastewater management scenarios [5]. Anaerobic processes can in fact improve the recovery of energy, materials and water from concentrated and diversified wastewater streams both in centralised and decentralised systems