biotechnology is a field of applied biology in which biological processes, organisms, cells and their components are used to develop new technologies that are used in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bio products. new tools and products developed by biotechnologists have been used for thousands of years in agriculture, food production, and medicine. in the early 21st century, the development of genetic engineering enabled to include new and diverse sciences such as genomics, recombinant gene technologies and so on.