neck circumference: Individuals with a short, wide neck (17 inches or more for men; 16 inches or more for women)
* age: Middle-aged and older adults
* lifestyle: Drinking alcohol before bedtime and smoking tobacco
* genetics: Sleep apnea is known to run in families
* race and ethnicity: Higher incidence among Blacks, Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics
* physical features: Large tongue, large tonsils, recessed chin, low-hanging soft palate, and a deviated septum