Four analogies can be used to model the particulate fouling:Reynolds analogy, Prandtl-Taylor analogy, Von-Karman analogy and the Chilton-Colburn j-factor analogy, each of which has individual application conditions, but Chilton-Colburn j-factor analogy
was the most widely used in the fouling modeling of cooling water
in published literature. Relevant models of precipitation fouling
were improved as well, however, only focused on one or two
operation parameters. In general, the particulate model has
developed better than the precipitation fouling model in cooling
water application.