(d) Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements comprise the separate financial statements of the Company and its subsidiary
companies as at the end of the reporting period. The financial statements of the subsidiary companies used in the
preparation of the consolidated financial statements are prepared for the same reporting date as the Company.
Consistent accounting policies are applied to like transactions and events in similar circumstances. A list of the Group’s
subsidiary companies is shown in Note 23 to the financial statements.
A ll intra-group balances, transactions, income and expenses and unrealised profits and losses resulting from intragroup
transactions are eliminated in full.
Business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities
and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition
date. Acquisition-related costs are recognised as expenses in the periods in which the costs are incurred and the
services are received.
W hen the Group acquires a business, it assesses the financial assets and liabilities assumed for appropriate classification
and designation in accordance with the contractual terms, economic circumstances and pertinent conditions as at the
acquisition date. This includes the separation of embedded derivatives in host contracts by the acquiree.
A ny contingent consideration to be transferred by the acquirer will be recognised at fair value at the acquisition date.
Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration which is deemed to be an asset or liability, will
be recognised in accordance with FRS 39 either in the profit and loss account or as change to other comprehensive
income. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, it is not remeasured until it is finally settled within equity.
In business combinations achieved in stages, previously held equity interest in the acquiree are remeasured to fair
value at the acquisition date and any corresponding gain or loss is recognised in the profit and loss account.
The Group elects for each individual business combination, whether non-controlling interest in the acquiree (if any) is
recognised on the acquisition date at fair value, or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the acquiree’s
identifiable net assets.