ntroduction
Renewable jet fuel for the aviation industry, also termed bio-jet fuels could reduce flight-related greenhouse-gas emissions by 60 to 80 percent compared to fossil fuel based jet fuel. The green bio-jet fuel is made by blending microalgae bio-fuels with conventional petroleum-derived jet fuel to provide the necessary specification properties. The major advantage of using microalgae oil for biodiesel is the high oil production capacity by microalgae, as they could produce up to 58,700 L oil per hectare.
Sustainable production of bio-jet fuel requires minimizing the energy requirements and reducing fresh water usage while simultaneously lowering the production cost of bio-jet fuel. These are challenges to the biodiesel production from microalgae. Considerable efforts have been made to develop efficient and cost-effective photobioreactors for microalgae growth. Yet, the high cost of installing and operating artificial light sources in conventional photobioreactors with artificial illumination systems remains a major problem.