The issue
Under the notion of landscape archetype we understand every landscape structure that may occur in different types of landscape with different genesis, age and use or functions.
Biodivers Conserv
123
Several archetypes are, on the one hand, physiognomically related, on the other hand, their texture includes specific features, respectively patterns, which are an important indicator of classification. Important attributes of archetypes for their detailed classification are geometric attributes of the patterns, their arrangement, symmetry and position in land relief. Each archetype bears traces of originality, changes and pressures of human activities in real conditions and with the interaction of several factors of the environment. Indicators, as exactly expressible values of selected attributes of the landscape, provide information for relevant evaluation of the studied phenomena and processes. In case of archetypes, these indicators include also patterns, i.e. forms and combinations of the layout of elements of land use. Compositions of patterns form the texture of the landscape, whose internal fragmentation may be characterized by geometric shapes. As we expressed in earlier work, an important factor for formation of landscape texture, pattern shapes and their layout, are abiotic characteristics of the landscape. The dominant is georelief and its attributes. These are mainly morphometric, position, morphodynamic and morphostructural properties, respectively their combinations. These interactions signalize the nature of the processes in the landscape that determined the formation and development of the landscape types. Orderliness and regularity of patterns implicitly or explicitly express the conditionality of their genesis on one important factor, respectively process. Many landscape archetypes preserved in themselves man-formed biotopes, especially meadow and shrub types with occurrence of rare species of flora and fauna. These are mainly xerotherm biotopes which indicate historical human impacts, and, at the same time, reflect the stable conditions that enabled preservation of these sites up until now. Under the notion of archetype we understand the way of adaptation of the landscape to influences and changes caused by human activity, since early Paleolithic age till the present. It is a quasi-homogenous area different from its current surroundings. It is characterized by the same manner and intensity of land use with typical representation of landscape elements linked to specific forms of relief and typical arrangement of these elements.
Base and methods of landscape archetypes identification
When mapping the secondary landscape structure using the method of remote sensing, whether using satellite images or ortophoto images, it is not difficult to ascertain several physiognomically related, but also very specific patterns in the mosaic of the landscape. As a rule, we don’t identify these patterns in a uniform scale, respectively at one hierarchical level of objects. A closer study of maps of the secondary landscape structure from different landscape types of Slovakia, from lowlands to alpine areas, we identified several elementary landscape archetypes, which are classified according to the character of texture, pattern layout, position of the pattern in the matrix, etc. The aim of such classification is to contribute to the comprehensive knowledge of the genesis and the current state of historical landscape structure respecting the holistic approach, i.e. with regard to the natural, socioeconomic and historical-social conditions that determined its development. The first step in the analysis of landscape archetypes is a visual, multi-scale interpretation of aerial photographs—ortophoto images with the appropriate level of resolution of the model area. The basic criteria for the definition of archetype are: • land use—it bears the traces of the historical, social and economic changes that are reflected in the land use
Biodivers Conserv
123
• landscape structure—structure of the elements of the secondary landscape structure, which are characterized by the texture of the archetype given by the intensity of fragmentation, and patterns with one or less regular (geometric) arrangement of the landscape.
ปัญหาภายใต้แนวคิดของภูมิทัศน์ archetype เราเข้าใจทุกโครงสร้างแนวนอนที่อาจเกิดขึ้นในภูมิทัศน์ พร้อมปฐมกาลต่าง ๆ อายุ และใช้ฟังก์ชันชนิดต่าง ๆBiodivers Conserv123Several archetypes are, on the one hand, physiognomically related, on the other hand, their texture includes specific features, respectively patterns, which are an important indicator of classification. Important attributes of archetypes for their detailed classification are geometric attributes of the patterns, their arrangement, symmetry and position in land relief. Each archetype bears traces of originality, changes and pressures of human activities in real conditions and with the interaction of several factors of the environment. Indicators, as exactly expressible values of selected attributes of the landscape, provide information for relevant evaluation of the studied phenomena and processes. In case of archetypes, these indicators include also patterns, i.e. forms and combinations of the layout of elements of land use. Compositions of patterns form the texture of the landscape, whose internal fragmentation may be characterized by geometric shapes. As we expressed in earlier work, an important factor for formation of landscape texture, pattern shapes and their layout, are abiotic characteristics of the landscape. The dominant is georelief and its attributes. These are mainly morphometric, position, morphodynamic and morphostructural properties, respectively their combinations. These interactions signalize the nature of the processes in the landscape that determined the formation and development of the landscape types. Orderliness and regularity of patterns implicitly or explicitly express the conditionality of their genesis on one important factor, respectively process. Many landscape archetypes preserved in themselves man-formed biotopes, especially meadow and shrub types with occurrence of rare species of flora and fauna. These are mainly xerotherm biotopes which indicate historical human impacts, and, at the same time, reflect the stable conditions that enabled preservation of these sites up until now. Under the notion of archetype we understand the way of adaptation of the landscape to influences and changes caused by human activity, since early Paleolithic age till the present. It is a quasi-homogenous area different from its current surroundings. It is characterized by the same manner and intensity of land use with typical representation of landscape elements linked to specific forms of relief and typical arrangement of these elements.Base and methods of landscape archetypes identificationWhen mapping the secondary landscape structure using the method of remote sensing, whether using satellite images or ortophoto images, it is not difficult to ascertain several physiognomically related, but also very specific patterns in the mosaic of the landscape. As a rule, we don’t identify these patterns in a uniform scale, respectively at one hierarchical level of objects. A closer study of maps of the secondary landscape structure from different landscape types of Slovakia, from lowlands to alpine areas, we identified several elementary landscape archetypes, which are classified according to the character of texture, pattern layout, position of the pattern in the matrix, etc. The aim of such classification is to contribute to the comprehensive knowledge of the genesis and the current state of historical landscape structure respecting the holistic approach, i.e. with regard to the natural, socioeconomic and historical-social conditions that determined its development. The first step in the analysis of landscape archetypes is a visual, multi-scale interpretation of aerial photographs—ortophoto images with the appropriate level of resolution of the model area. The basic criteria for the definition of archetype are: • land use—it bears the traces of the historical, social and economic changes that are reflected in the land useBiodivers Conserv
123
• landscape structure—structure of the elements of the secondary landscape structure, which are characterized by the texture of the archetype given by the intensity of fragmentation, and patterns with one or less regular (geometric) arrangement of the landscape.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
