3. Results and discussion
3.1. Thermodynamic properties
Thermodynamic properties of zirconia were carried out by both VASP and Material Studio simulation packages.
In order to get accurate calculation results, a geometry optimization was cautiously conducted. The CASTEP
module calculated the lattice parameters based on energy minimization. Debye temperature, temperature
dependence of entropy, enthalpy, free energy and specific heat capacity at constant volume were also determined.