A distinct feature of women’s labour market participation in China is that it has one of the highest women’s participation rates in the world that is characterized by full-time employment. Women make up 45 percent of the labour force (The World Bank Group, 2006), with nearly 38 percent of the full-time workforce in urban units being women (China Statistical Yearbook 2008; also see Table 15.1). The majority of working women work full time throughout most of their working life, including those with child care responsibility.