The emergence of organization designs that employ actor-oriented control and coordination mecha- nisms provides rich opportunities for research. In particular, we suggest four theoretical issues to investigate. First is the role of incentives and val- ues in large-scale, multiparty collaboration. Actors need to hold collaborative values that include a concern for the welfare of collaborating partners and the equitable distribution of rewards (Appley and Winder, 1977). This results in the open and voluntary sharing of resources as well as helping others achieve their goals. Incentives need to be designed such that they reward people and firms for collaborating and, therefore, research is needed on how actor-oriented mechanisms can enable peer recognition, problem identification, and other means of stimulating multiparty collaboration on a large scale.