A shift came during the 1940s when the U.S. Office of Strategic Services began using a multiform, holistic system of assessment to identify the military personnel best suited for espionage behind enemy lines. The system was described in the agency's report Assessment of Men: Selection of Personnel for the Office of Strategic Services. These assessments used an assortment of procedures and tests to evaluate not only individuals' capabilities and skills, but also personal characteristics and attitudes. And by assessing multiple aspects, the multiform assessments derived a fuller picture of individuals' physical, mental, and emotional abilities and, thereby, their allover suitability for espionage (Office of Strategic Services, 1948; Wiggins, 1993).