Osteoporosis causes thinning or weakening of the bone due to loss of bone mass. This condition affects the elderly population of the society, particularly women. With thinner, weaker bones, people with osteoporosis are at much greater risk for developing a hip fracture from even a trivial fall.
In the younger patients the cause of this fracture is high energy impact injuries such as vehicle accidents.
Spontaneous fracture without a fall may occur if the area of bone is involved with cancer or infection and this type of fracture is called a pathologic fracture.
Hip joint fractures comprises of four subtypes. The differences between these subtypes are significant as each is treated differently.
But to understand these subtypes it is important to know the anatomy of the femur. The upper end of the femur (thigh bone) is made up of the head, the neck and two trochanters – the greater and lesser tronchanter located like a ridge on the upper end of the long bone.
1. Femoral head fracture involving the femoral head is usually the result of high impact trauma, such as motor accidents, and often results in the dislocation of the hip joint.
2. Femoral neck fracture (also called Neck of Femur (intracapsular or subcapital fracture) denotes a fracture in the neck region between the femoral head and the greater (or) upper trochanter. The neck is narrow between the head and the shaft of the bone and at an angle making it the weaker part of the bone that is prone to fracture. Fracture of the neck disrupts the blood supply to the head of the femur. It is also referred to as trans-cervical (cervical for neck) fracture. The fracture may or may not displace the bone involved.
Osteoporosis causes thinning or weakening of the bone due to loss of bone mass. This condition affects the elderly population of the society, particularly women. With thinner, weaker bones, people with osteoporosis are at much greater risk for developing a hip fracture from even a trivial fall. In the younger patients the cause of this fracture is high energy impact injuries such as vehicle accidents. Spontaneous fracture without a fall may occur if the area of bone is involved with cancer or infection and this type of fracture is called a pathologic fracture. Hip joint fractures comprises of four subtypes. The differences between these subtypes are significant as each is treated differently. But to understand these subtypes it is important to know the anatomy of the femur. The upper end of the femur (thigh bone) is made up of the head, the neck and two trochanters – the greater and lesser tronchanter located like a ridge on the upper end of the long bone. 1. Femoral head fracture involving the femoral head is usually the result of high impact trauma, such as motor accidents, and often results in the dislocation of the hip joint. 2. Femoral neck fracture (also called Neck of Femur (intracapsular or subcapital fracture) denotes a fracture in the neck region between the femoral head and the greater (or) upper trochanter. The neck is narrow between the head and the shaft of the bone and at an angle making it the weaker part of the bone that is prone to fracture. Fracture of the neck disrupts the blood supply to the head of the femur. It is also referred to as trans-cervical (cervical for neck) fracture. The fracture may or may not displace the bone involved.
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