IOM established a committee called the National Roundtable on Health Care Quality, which was charged to identify
issues and provide recommendations related to improving the quality of health care across the nation.1 In 1990, the IOM
defined quality care as the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired
health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge.2 On the basis of that definition, they identified 3
major problems with health care: 1) excessive, unnecessary, or inappropriate care; 2) under-use of needed, effective, and
appropriate care; and 3) errors and negligence in care. From that report, it was concluded that measuring the quality of
health care is needed to identify the problems and provide solutions that improve health and prevent harm. Quality assurance
(QA) is the process of providing evidence that the outcome meets established standards. Quality improvement (QI),
by contrast, is the act of methodically developing ways to meet acceptable quality standards and evaluating current processes
to improve overall performance.3,4 QA identifies problems, and QI systematically corrects them. Consequently,
many health agencies began to develop quality measures and to implement continuous QI efforts.
IOM established a committee called the National Roundtable on Health Care Quality, which was charged to identify
issues and provide recommendations related to improving the quality of health care across the nation.1 In 1990, the IOM
defined quality care as the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired
health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge.2 On the basis of that definition, they identified 3
major problems with health care: 1) excessive, unnecessary, or inappropriate care; 2) under-use of needed, effective, and
appropriate care; and 3) errors and negligence in care. From that report, it was concluded that measuring the quality of
health care is needed to identify the problems and provide solutions that improve health and prevent harm. Quality assurance
(QA) is the process of providing evidence that the outcome meets established standards. Quality improvement (QI),
by contrast, is the act of methodically developing ways to meet acceptable quality standards and evaluating current processes
to improve overall performance.3,4 QA identifies problems, and QI systematically corrects them. Consequently,
many health agencies began to develop quality measures and to implement continuous QI efforts.
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