2. Haemodynamic Stabilization:
In septic shock there is extensive cardiovascular derangement. Hypotension is caused by myocardial depression, pathological vasodilatation and extravasation of circulating volume due to widespread capillary leak. The initial resuscitative effort is to attempt to correct the absolute and relative hypovolemia by refilling the vascular tree. There is no evidence to support one type of fluid crystalloid or colloid is superior to the other. There is good evidence that early gold directed aggressive volume resuscitation improves outcome of sepsis[9] During the first 6 hours of resuscitation the goals of initial resuscitation are a Central venous pressure of 8-12 mm Hg, Mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 65 mmHg, Urine output ≥ 0.5 mL • kg-1 • hr and a central venous (superior vena cava) or mixed venous oxygen saturation ≥ 70% or ≥ 65%, respectively The Rivers study clearly shows a reduction in hospital mortality, 28 day mortality as well as 60 day mortality attributed to the Early Goal Directed Therapy (EGDT) [10]. Early goal-directed resuscitation has been shown to improve survival for emergency department patients presenting with septic shock in a randomized, controlled, single-centre study.[11] Resuscitation directed toward the previously mentioned goals for the initial 6-hr period of the resuscitation was able to reduce in hospital, 28-days as well as 60 days mortality rate (Fig. 6).