The present study reports for the first time the amino acid and fatty acid compositions and the antitu
moral activity of aqueous extracts obtained fromDracaena dracoL. leaf and fruit. Metabolite profiles were
determined by gas chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometry (GC–IT-MS), with several amino acids,
palmitic, linolenic and stearic acid being identified in the leaf extract, and only proline, oleic and stearic
acid in the fruit extract. Thein vitroantiproliferative activities of the extracts were tested against human
colon (Caco-2), kidney (A-498), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. In addition, primary cultures of nor
mal and cancerous renal cells derived from kidney cancer patients were treated withD. dracoextracts (0–
400lg/mL). Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects were determined by the MTT assay.D. dracoextracts
inhibited proliferation of human colon and renal tumor cells in vitro, whereas no or weak effect was
observed in HepG2 cells. Compared to the fruit extract,D. dracoleaf extract exhibited stronger antipro
liferative activity against all cancer cells. Our results indicate that D. draco, particularly the leaf, may be
useful as a cancer chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent for colon and kidney cancers.