information structure for low-literacy or novice users because they lose focus during navigation. In order to vote, EZ Ballot requires a consistent binary response, “Yes” or “No” answers (see Figure 2 and 3). Responding only “Yes” or “No” by following a particular sequence of steps could be just easy and simple even for novice users who do not have experience of current technology such as touch screen. In addition, the nature of the linear structure resembles that of the linear audio interface, which can benefit users who are visually impaired.
EZ Ballot integrates simultaneous visual and audio output interfaces desired by visually impaired voters, rather than using separate outputs that are found on most current systems. In addition, all touch screen buttons provide redundant visual cues through color, icons, and text.
Principle 5. Tolerance for Error
EZ Ballot provides visual and audio verification twice-a prompt and a sub-review message-to confirm selection or identify mistakes during the voting process. A prompt message (e.g., “Are you sure you want to vote for Daniel Court?”) reverts back to the previous selection question when users press ‘No’. A sub-review message (e.g., “You voted for DaniPoel Court”) reverts back to the first candidate page when users press ‘No’.
Principle 6. Low Physical Effort
To reduce effort in pressing buttons while holding the device, yes/no buttons are located along the sides of the device where they can be activated by a user’s thumbs or fist.
Principle 7. Size and Space for Approach & Use
All soft buttons provide large enough target size (i.e. minimum width measure of 20 mm) [6] for users with a range of dexterity. All the buttons are placed in the corners or the edges of the screen for blind or visually-impaired users [9, 11].