The formulation of the optimization problem including decision variables, objectives and constraints exactly has been implemented through the employed optimization algorithm. The simulation module is responsible for accommodation of mathematical models of the energy suppliers. First, a set of random solutions is generated
to initialize the population of particles, and then the simulation module receives the candidate solutions to test their practicability. Indeed, the role of simulation module is to compute the performance of each proposed configuration such as RER, CO2 emission, or LLP. The next step is related to checking the stopping criterion, if that will not be satisfied, the set of solutions are updated according to operators applied in the optimization algorithm. The updated population again has to send back to the simulation module to check their feasibility. The finishing point of this cycle is determined by defined termination criterion. The outcome of this computational procedure is a set of non-dominated solutions
stated as the best solutions found so far, Fig. 3.