Pontello et al., 2012 [94]). Despite the low prevalence rates of serotype 4b, previous surveys have shown that Lineage I strains of serotype 4b belonging to a clonal group (DUP-ID 1038) linked to several listeriosis outbreaks (De Cesare et al., 2007 [24]) were recently recovered in Mediterranean-style dry fermented sausages produced in Italy