Some of the comments made by female nurses in regard to Theme 5(i.e.,the psychological and emotional trauma is often more lasting than the physical effects) are analogous to those made by domestic abuse victims. In a study reported by Copel(2008), abused women described being blamed by others,fear of reporting the event ,and feeling of powerlessness,and feelings of being devalued. A study by Clements,Sabourin, and spiby(2004)identified frequent self-blame among abused women, which was often a significant factor in the development of depression. These findings related to battered women are consistent with the findings of Needham, Abderhalden, Halfens, Fischer, and Dassen