Ateles belzebuth – as well as the Mesoamerican and Pacific coast forms(A. geoffroyi, A. fusciceps = A. fusciceps fusciceps, and A. robustus = A.fusciceps rufiventris); and Clade 3 consisted of the all the northwestern,southwestern, central, and southeastern Amazonian forms, which correspond to contemporary A. belzebuth plus Kellogg and Goldman’s (1944) A. p. chamek and A. b. marginatus (Table 1). Froehlich et al. (1991) also suggested that all the South American forms comprise an interbreeding ring species, as they found a morphological cline ranging from the Guianas to Venezuela (Froehlich et al., 1991).