Factors influencing surfactant exudation during film formation
During film formation, the humidity was adjusted through the use of saturated salt solutions in a closed container, and through air flow above the film. Film formation at a temperature of 9C was achieved in a refrigerator. Surfactant exudation was studied using AFM height and phase images, and probed as a function of latex Tg, temperature, crosslinking (with and without ADH), humidity, and evaporation rate.