อันนี้น่าจัdis
There are subsidiaries of firms originating from countries outside of the European Union. Trade is no viable alternative for non-EU companies looking towards the EU market in industries. More specifically, industries in which there is an intense trade flow between EU and non-EU countries are less characterized by the presence of non-EU companies. Globally, alliance-intensive industries are typically more inhabited by multinational companies, a difference that is significant in terms of number of companies, indicating that alliances complement rather than substitute for multinational operations. However, in industries characterized by important alliances between EU and non-EU companies, non-EU companies have larger shares in terms of firm members but not in terms of production. A lack of alliances with EU companies, as an alternative mode of access to European markets, may explain the high non-EU presence in industries. On the other hand, alliances between EU and non-EU companies are actively being used, possibly as alternatives to local production, in drink, furniture, and printing and publishing.