3.1. Medical
Medical augmented reality takes its main motivation from
the need of visualizing medical data and the patient within
the same physical space. This would require real-time in-situ
visualization of co-registered heterogeneous data, and was
probably the goal of many medical augmented reality solutions
proposed in literature Figure 3(a). In 1968, Sutherland
[19] suggested a tracked head-mounted display as a novel
human-computer interface enabling viewpoint-dependent visualization
of virtual objects. It was only two decades later
when Roberts et al. implemented the first medical augmented
reality system [20].
Another application for augmented reality in the medical
domain is in ultrasound imaging [21]. Using an optical seethrough
display the ultrasound technician can view a volumetric
rendered image of the fetus overlaid on the abdomen of
the pregnant woman. The image appears as if it were inside of
the abdomen and is correctly rendered as the user moves sielhorst2008.
Moreover, Blum et al. describe the first steps towards
a Superman-like X-ray vision where a brain-computer
interface (BCI) device and a gazetracker are used to allow
the user controlling the AR visualization [22]. More recently,
Wen et al. propose a cooperative surgical system, guided by
hand gestures and supported by an augmented reality based
surgical field [23]. The authors establish a system-assisted
natural AR guidance mechanism that incorporates the advantages
of the following aspects: AR visual guidance information,
surgeon’s experiences and accuracy of assisted surgery
[24].
3.1. MedicalMedical augmented reality takes its main motivation fromthe need of visualizing medical data and the patient withinthe same physical space. This would require real-time in-situvisualization of co-registered heterogeneous data, and wasprobably the goal of many medical augmented reality solutionsproposed in literature Figure 3(a). In 1968, Sutherland[19] suggested a tracked head-mounted display as a novelhuman-computer interface enabling viewpoint-dependent visualizationof virtual objects. It was only two decades laterwhen Roberts et al. implemented the first medical augmentedreality system [20].Another application for augmented reality in the medicaldomain is in ultrasound imaging [21]. Using an optical seethroughdisplay the ultrasound technician can view a volumetricrendered image of the fetus overlaid on the abdomen ofthe pregnant woman. The image appears as if it were inside ofthe abdomen and is correctly rendered as the user moves sielhorst2008.Moreover, Blum et al. describe the first steps towardsa Superman-like X-ray vision where a brain-computerinterface (BCI) device and a gazetracker are used to allowthe user controlling the AR visualization [22]. More recently,Wen et al. propose a cooperative surgical system, guided byhand gestures and supported by an augmented reality basedsurgical field [23]. The authors establish a system-assistednatural AR guidance mechanism that incorporates the advantagesof the following aspects: AR visual guidance information,surgeon’s experiences and accuracy of assisted surgery[24].
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