The present chapter investigates theoretical perspectives on how to combine new
information about on-line measures with end-product features. An attempt is made to delimit
traditional approaches to writing, which focus primarily on aspects of the end product. In
order to outline an alternative, it is suggested how writing and cognition can be
operationalized and how awareness and automaticity are intertwined in writing. A pilot study
of three eleven-year-old bilingual pupils is used as an example of the theoretical and
methodological questions raised in this chapter. This example shows how pupils exploit their
pausing time differently, and how on-line measures add information to the profile drawn from
end-product measures. The chapter presents a model for the skills of writing. This model is
considered to be a hypothesis which is testable by further use of the on-line measures
described in the present chapter.