The results of processing are then compared to the auditor’s expected results to determine whether controls are operating efficiently and systems objectiveness are being achieved. For example, two dummy bank payment transactions (one inside and one outside authorised parameters) may be processed with the expectation that only the transaction processed within the parameters is ‘accepted’ by the system. Clearly, if dummy transactions processed do not produce the expected results in output, the auditor will need to consider the need for increased substantive procedures in the area being reviewed.