Under IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (IFRS 15.5-8, IN7 ) An entity shall apply this Standard to all contracts with customers, except the following: (IFRS 15.5) a) lease contracts within the scope of IAS 17 Leases; b) insurance contracts within the scope of IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts; c) financial instruments and other contractual rights or obligations within the scope of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements, IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements IAS 27 Separate Financial Statements and IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures; and d) non-monetary exchanges between entities in the same line of business to facilitate sales to customers or potential customers. For example, this Standard would not apply to a contract between two oil companies that agree to an exchange of oil to fulfil demand from their customers in different specified locations on a timely basis. The core principle of IFRS 15 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. An entity recognizes revenue in accordance with that core principle by applying the following steps: (IFRS 15.IN7 )