In a true sense, ICZM is built on the essential elements of integration
and coordination throughout the entire programme. These
elements ensure internal consistency between policies and actions,
projects and programs. They also maintain the coherency and linkages
between the process of planning and implementation to attain
sustainable development. The practical aspect of ICZM is made up of
three broad categories of integration: policy integration, functional
integration and system integration (Thia-Eng, 1993).