The GMFM is a standardized observational instrument for children with cerebral palsy, developed to measure change in gross motor function over time. The test consists of 88 items that have been grouped into 5 dimensions of gross motor function: (1) lying and rolling, (2) sitting, (3) crawling and kneeling, (4) standing, and (5) walking, running, and jumping. Each item is scored on a 4-point Likert scale. A percentage score is calculated for each dimension.