extracarpellary parts (calyx, receptacle, bracts, etc.) are called accessory fruits. It is generally accepted that fruits develop after fertilization, but this is not always the case. Parthenocarpic fruits are produced in plants such as bananas and certain varieties of grapes and oranges in which the ovary develops without fertilization and the development of seeds. Not all seedless fruits are parthenocarpic. The seedless condition may be artificially induced by hormonal treatment, by hybridization of plants with incompatible chromosome numbers, or by the lack of seed development following fertilization. General fruit types are shown in Fig. 7.9