Identity develops as children learn to differentiate themselves from people around them,
and in the same way, place-identity develops as a child learns to see her or himself as
distinct from, but related to, the physical environment. Among the first identity
determinants are those rooted in the child's experience with toys, clothes and rooms. The
home is the environment of primary importance, followed by the neighborhood and the
school. Here, social and environmental skills and relationships are learned, and the
"lenses" are formed through which the child later will recognize, evaluate and create
places. Place-identity changes occur throughout a person's lifetime (Proshansky &
Fabian, 1987). Five central functions of place-identity have been depicted; recognition,
meaning, expressive-requirement, mediating change, and anxiety and defense function.
Place-identity becomes a cognitive "database" against which every physical setting is
experienced (Proshansky et al., 1983).
In the time since the term "place-identity" was introduced, the theory has been the model
for identity that has dominated environmental psychology. Place-identity theory does not
provide much detail regarding structure and process (Twigger-Ross, Bonaiuto &
Breakwell, 2003), but refers to "schemata" that Neisser (1976) and Piaget (1954)
describe as perceptions and ideas that also concern the physical environment. The
cognitive structures tend to be remote from the awareness of the individual, even more
than social and personal cognitive structures, because physical settings are "backdrops"
against which events occur (Proshansky et al., 1983).
Identity develops as children learn to differentiate themselves from people around them,
and in the same way, place-identity develops as a child learns to see her or himself as
distinct from, but related to, the physical environment. Among the first identity
determinants are those rooted in the child's experience with toys, clothes and rooms. The
home is the environment of primary importance, followed by the neighborhood and the
school. Here, social and environmental skills and relationships are learned, and the
"lenses" are formed through which the child later will recognize, evaluate and create
places. Place-identity changes occur throughout a person's lifetime (Proshansky &
Fabian, 1987). Five central functions of place-identity have been depicted; recognition,
meaning, expressive-requirement, mediating change, and anxiety and defense function.
Place-identity becomes a cognitive "database" against which every physical setting is
experienced (Proshansky et al., 1983).
In the time since the term "place-identity" was introduced, the theory has been the model
for identity that has dominated environmental psychology. Place-identity theory does not
provide much detail regarding structure and process (Twigger-Ross, Bonaiuto &
Breakwell, 2003), but refers to "schemata" that Neisser (1976) and Piaget (1954)
describe as perceptions and ideas that also concern the physical environment. The
cognitive structures tend to be remote from the awareness of the individual, even more
than social and personal cognitive structures, because physical settings are "backdrops"
against which events occur (Proshansky et al., 1983).
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Identity develops as children learn to differentiate themselves from people around them,
and in the same way, place-identity develops as a child learns to see her or himself as
distinct from, but related to, the physical environment. Among the first identity
determinants are those rooted in the child's experience with toys, clothes and rooms. The
home is the environment of primary importance, followed by the neighborhood and the
school. Here, social and environmental skills and relationships are learned, and the
"lenses" are formed through which the child later will recognize, evaluate and create
places. Place-identity changes occur throughout a person's lifetime (Proshansky &
Fabian, 1987). Five central functions of place-identity have been depicted; recognition,
meaning, expressive-requirement, mediating change, and anxiety and defense function.
Place-identity becomes a cognitive "database" against which every physical setting is
experienced (Proshansky et al., 1983).
In the time since the term "place-identity" was introduced, the theory has been the model
for identity that has dominated environmental psychology. Place-identity theory does not
provide much detail regarding structure and process (Twigger-Ross, Bonaiuto &
Breakwell, 2003), but refers to "schemata" that Neisser (1976) and Piaget (1954)
describe as perceptions and ideas that also concern the physical environment. The
cognitive structures tend to be remote from the awareness of the individual, even more
than social and personal cognitive structures, because physical settings are "backdrops"
against which events occur (Proshansky et al., 1983).
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