2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Germplasm Characterization
2.1.1. Diversity in Qualitative Traits
Phenotyping is an important activity to evaluate the utilization of the germplasm collection in a
genebank. In this study, 307 traditional rice varieties recently conserved at the PhilRice genebank were
scored and measured using 39 qualitative and 18 quantitative morphological characters. These
germplasms were comprised of 215 Indica, 89 Javanica and three Japonica varieties (appendix
Table A1). Among the qualitative characters scored, ligule shape and culm kneeling ability were
observed invariants. All the germplasm characterized had a two-cleft ligule shape and the culms had
no kneeling ability (Table 1). Twenty of the qualitative traits scored were dominated by one character
in each trait with a distribution ranging between 76%–95%. As a result, these twenty agronomic traits
had low diversity indices ranging between 0.12–0.45. These were mainly awn-related characters such
as presence, color, distribution, and type. Awn color and panicle were the lowest calculated indices
(H = 0.12) because 95% of the varieties scored had no awn and 92% had a medium length panicle type.
Most of the varieties had thick culms and an erect culm habit. Moderately diverse traits were
observed for 15 descriptors with indices ranging between 0.46–0.74. Most of these traits were
inflorescence-related traits such as panicle and spikelet characters. Diversity in caryopsis pericarp color
(seed coat color) (Figure 1) was also evident with all states being represented in the rice varieties
evaluated. White seed coat color was the predominant state (50.5%), followed by red seed coat color
(30.0%), variable purple (5.9%), light brown (4.6%) and purple (4.2%).
Four of the 39 traits scored had a high diversity with an average index of 0.87. Two of these traits
were culm-related which assessed rice sturdiness during maturity and harvest. Although the
predominant character was intermediate lodging resistance, 37% of the rice varieties had strong to very
strong lodging resistance at the mature stage. The endosperm type trait had the highest calculated
diversity index of 0.99. The reason for this is that all the endosperm type descriptors
(1 = non-glutinous, 2 = Intermediate, 3 = glutinous) were identified in the characterized germplasm.
2. Results and Discussion2.1. Germplasm Characterization2.1.1. Diversity in Qualitative TraitsPhenotyping is an important activity to evaluate the utilization of the germplasm collection in a genebank. In this study, 307 traditional rice varieties recently conserved at the PhilRice genebank were scored and measured using 39 qualitative and 18 quantitative morphological characters. These germplasms were comprised of 215 Indica, 89 Javanica and three Japonica varieties (appendix Table A1). Among the qualitative characters scored, ligule shape and culm kneeling ability were observed invariants. All the germplasm characterized had a two-cleft ligule shape and the culms hadno kneeling ability (Table 1). Twenty of the qualitative traits scored were dominated by one character in each trait with a distribution ranging between 76%–95%. As a result, these twenty agronomic traits had low diversity indices ranging between 0.12–0.45. These were mainly awn-related characters such as presence, color, distribution, and type. Awn color and panicle were the lowest calculated indices (H = 0.12) because 95% of the varieties scored had no awn and 92% had a medium length panicle type.Most of the varieties had thick culms and an erect culm habit. Moderately diverse traits were observed for 15 descriptors with indices ranging between 0.46–0.74. Most of these traits were inflorescence-related traits such as panicle and spikelet characters. Diversity in caryopsis pericarp color (seed coat color) (Figure 1) was also evident with all states being represented in the rice varieties evaluated. White seed coat color was the predominant state (50.5%), followed by red seed coat color (30.0%), variable purple (5.9%), light brown (4.6%) and purple (4.2%).Four of the 39 traits scored had a high diversity with an average index of 0.87. Two of these traits were culm-related which assessed rice sturdiness during maturity and harvest. Although the predominant character was intermediate lodging resistance, 37% of the rice varieties had strong to very strong lodging resistance at the mature stage. The endosperm type trait had the highest calculated diversity index of 0.99. The reason for this is that all the endosperm type descriptors (1 = non-glutinous, 2 = Intermediate, 3 = glutinous) were identified in the characterized germplasm.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..