analysis of P. expansum, 6 mm disc was excavated from the PDA in center of the dish (one hole per dish) and a 50 ul conidial suspension of the P. expansum (106 conidia per ml) was filled into the hole and then incubated in dark at 27 ± 2°C for 72 h. The relative growth inhibition of treatment compared to negative control was calculated as percentage mycelia growth inhibition according to Index of growth inhibition (IGI) of the treatment on pathogen