Like the teaching of early literacy, mathemat-ics education in the early childhood years is key to increasing all children’s school readiness and to closing the achievement gap.53 Within the mathematics arena, preschoolers’ knowledge of numbers and their sequence, for example, strongly predicts not only math learning but also literacy skills.54 Yet mathematics typically gets very little attention before kindergarten.55 One reason is that early childhood teachers themselves often lack the skills and confidence to substantially and effec-tively increase their attention to mathematics in the curriculum.56