While the Protocol pays lip service to human rights," a true
commitment to the human rights approach is lacking. The law
enforcement framework prioritizes prosecution over the protection of
victims and prevention of trafficking. A human rights framework seeks to
address the root causes of trafficking, which the remedial focus on
prosecution does not accomplish."6 Arguably, prosecution and prevention
are connected, and if legislation is in place to prosecute the traffickers
then in turn it facilitates Prevention. However, the number of traffickers
worldwide is increasing," indicating that prosecution is not an effective
means to prevent trafficking. Despite the overwhelming focus on
prosecution, of the 132 countries the UNODC studied for the 2012
Report, 16% did not report a single trafficking conviction between 2007
and 2010."1 The lack of effectiveness is illustrated by the fact that fewer
than half of the nations that are legally bound to the Palermo Protocol
have convicted anyone of human trafficking charges."9 Charges that are
filed against traffickers are frequently brought under laws designed to
address non-trafficking offenses, underminin& the comprehensive
approach intended by the Palermo Protocol. o More recently, the
"percentage of countries without an offence criminalizing [human
trafficking] halved between 2008 and 2012.12' Despite the focus on
prosecution, low conviction rates remain and the conviction rates for trafficking are "at the same level as rare crimes such as homicides in
Iceland or kidnappings in Norway
While the Protocol pays lip service to human rights," a truecommitment to the human rights approach is lacking. The lawenforcement framework prioritizes prosecution over the protection ofvictims and prevention of trafficking. A human rights framework seeks toaddress the root causes of trafficking, which the remedial focus onprosecution does not accomplish."6 Arguably, prosecution and preventionare connected, and if legislation is in place to prosecute the traffickersthen in turn it facilitates Prevention. However, the number of traffickersworldwide is increasing," indicating that prosecution is not an effectivemeans to prevent trafficking. Despite the overwhelming focus onprosecution, of the 132 countries the UNODC studied for the 2012Report, 16% did not report a single trafficking conviction between 2007and 2010."1 The lack of effectiveness is illustrated by the fact that fewerthan half of the nations that are legally bound to the Palermo Protocolhave convicted anyone of human trafficking charges."9 Charges that arefiled against traffickers are frequently brought under laws designed toaddress non-trafficking offenses, underminin& the comprehensiveapproach intended by the Palermo Protocol. o More recently, the"percentage of countries without an offence criminalizing [humantrafficking] halved between 2008 and 2012.12' Despite the focus onprosecution, low conviction rates remain and the conviction rates for trafficking are "at the same level as rare crimes such as homicides inประเทศไอซ์แลนด์หรือ kidnappings ในประเทศนอร์เวย์
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