1. Introduction
The 21st century offers life in a borderless world, globalization, internationalization and the explosion of
information and communication technology (ICT) (PIPP, 2006). The rapid development of technology and
information dissemination will result in the expansion of knowledge that will impact the economy, culture and
politics of a country. Current explosion of information and technology and knowledge-based economy have changed
the implementation of the education system. The era of digital economy requires a workforce that is knowledgeable
and skilled to generate innovation and improve productivity of a country (NCREL & Metiri Group, 2003; Nur