The treatments of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the domestic sewage (DS) are critical issues of the
current political and environment discussions. These concerns are due to the lack of dumping areas, the
continuous increase ofthe population, and public health issues. The adequate treatment and management
of MSW and DS can produce many benefits such as financial funds, heat and energy production, reduction
of emissions and recuperation of water for reuse. Currently in Campinas MSW and DS are deposited in
landfills or discharged into rivers and other sites. In the present study two scenarios are evaluated for the
treatment of MSW and DS in Campinas: recycling with biological treatment and recycling with thermal
treatment. The most suitable treatments for Campinas, based on the data from the present analysis
and taking into consideration the local conditions, maximization of energy potential and environmental
benefits, are incineration for the MSW and biological treatment for DS, both with energy recuperation.
The main gains of this option are substantial environmental benefits, generated energy which can reach
18% ofthe total electrical energy consumed in Campinas while about 53% recuperation ofthe total amount
of water treated for Campinas in 2010.